Only two types exist
Federal rules for interstate moves define two estimate types: binding and non-binding. You may see "not-to-exceed" offers, but those are pricing promises on top of the rules. Read what the promise actually commits the mover to.
Either estimate must be in writing and signed, and you get a dated copy.
Binding estimates
A binding estimate guarantees the total for the goods and services it describes. The mover may charge for preparing it, and it collects that amount at delivery however much the shipment weighs.
The bill can change in only a few ways:
- You add items or services. A new binding estimate is written, and you sign it.
- Unforeseen services are needed, such as a shuttle truck. The mover must tell you and give you at least one hour to decide. These charges are billed after delivery.
- Impracticable operations. Charges collected at delivery are capped at 15% of other charges due at delivery.
Non-binding estimates
A non-binding estimate must be free. Final charges follow the actual weight and services, so the bill can come in higher or lower.
The key protection is at delivery. If you pay up to 110% of the estimate, plus any services you added after signing the bill of lading and capped impracticable-operations charges, the mover must release your shipment. Any remaining balance is billed later, and is due within 30 days of the freight bill.
Example: with a $5,000 non-binding estimate and a final calculated charge of $6,000, you'd pay up to $5,500 at delivery, and the remaining $500 would be billed later.
The survey comes first
A written estimate needs a survey of your belongings, in person or by video. You can waive it only in writing, signed before loading. Be careful with any firm-sounding number given over the phone or from a short list.
Which is right for you?
| If you | Consider |
|---|---|
| Have a complete inventory and want certainty | Binding |
| Expect to get rid of a lot before moving | Non-binding, since the bill follows actual weight |
| Are comparing companies | Same inventory, same estimate type |
Before you sign
- Which type is this, in writing?
- Which services and access charges are listed?
- Does the name and U.S. DOT number match the federal record?
- Have you received both federal booklets?
Read more on your rights and responsibilities.